The cost of a quantum-resistant Bitcoin transaction dropped nearly fivefold in one week, from approximately $320 to $67, thanks to a public competition launched by StarkWare and Eigen Labs. The actual exposure is estimated at over 4 million BTC whose public key has already circulated on the ledger, representing roughly 25% of the circulating supply. Two BIP proposals (BIP-360 and BIP-361) prepare the arrival of post-quantum signatures standardized by NIST in August 2024, with a possible freeze of non-migrated funds. Coinbase, which holds approximately $250 billion in institutional assets, is developing post-quantum custody and considering a hardware fallback if the chosen standard proves incompatible with multi-party computation (MPC) key splitting.
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