In a closed session in Geneva on September 5, 2026, US and Russian diplomats stripped the most consequential provisions from a draft framework governing lethal autonomous weapons systems. Human review requirements for AI-identified targets, provisions on the predictability and reliability of AI systems, and broader ethical considerations were removed from the final text. Of the 129 states participating in the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons negotiations, at least 76 had expressed support for the elements that were removed or weakened. Operating by consensus, the two military powers were able to alter the document without a vote, with roughly 20 lawyers representing the US and Russia reshaping a text built over three years by dozens of nations.
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