The United States and Saudi Arabia signed on July 22, 2026 a 30-year civil nuclear cooperation agreement, formally known as a 123 agreement, permitting the supply of American civilian nuclear technology to the kingdom, notably AP1000 reactors from Westinghouse representing billions of dollars in potential construction contracts. This deal will be automatically nullified if Riyadh does not normalize relations with Israel by joining the Abraham Accords, a condition confirmed by the White House Press Secretary and supported by Prime Minister Netanyahu. However, Saudi Arabia maintains its position: no normalization without meaningful commitments related to Palestinian statehood, which remains the primary obstacle to finalizing the agreement. The text was transmitted to Congress on August 25, 2026, triggering a 90-session-day review period during which senators are expected to demand a strict prohibition on uranium enrichment, modeled on the agreement signed with the United Arab Emirates.
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