UBS believes the AI bottleneck has shifted from chips to energy infrastructure. AI data centers require reliable baseload power equivalent to a mid-sized city, yet adding power capacity takes 5 to 10 years compared to 12 to 24 months for data centers themselves. US interconnection queues stand at approximately 2.3 TW, roughly double the country’s installed capacity as of 2024, with a median time of 6 years from request to commercial operation. UBS tracks 276 GW of global data center capacity under construction or planned, but only 38 GW have confirmed power against the 57 GW needed by 2027, requiring an estimated $511 billion in new US power-generation capacity by 2030.
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