PIMCO CEO Emmanuel Roman estimates that artificial intelligence development could require about $10 trillion in financing over five years, or nearly $2 trillion annually. That amount would rival the size of the US bond market, valued at approximately $12 trillion. Roman says this pace of investment could become unsustainable because of rising US interest rates, Middle East conflicts, or instability in the eurozone. Blackstone President Jon Gray counters that AI could deliver productivity gains and sustain strong infrastructure demand. The outcome will depend in part on lender appetite and the cost of credit, which could constrain data center operators and semiconductor manufacturers.
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