The UK’s National Cyber Security Centre assesses that hostile use of artificial intelligence is highly likely to increase the scale and efficiency of ransomware, social engineering and software vulnerability exploitation by 2028. Its chief executive, Richard Horne, said AI is not creating new attack methods but is enabling weaknesses tolerated for years to be discovered and exploited at unprecedented scale. The UK government is investing £60 million in a national Cyber Shield programme and £70 million in a new centre to identify weaknesses across critical systems, while creating an AI-focused cybersecurity centre of excellence in Manchester. There is already evidence of attackers using AI to develop exploits, although a University of Cambridge study found that cybercriminals still mainly use it for spam and phishing.
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