The Trump administration’s efforts to reunify Libya are facing setbacks amid rising violence. Senior adviser Massad Boulos has been leading mediation since 2025 with a transactional approach combining power-sharing arrangements and commercial incentives. In April 2026, Libya approved its first unified national budget since 2013, worth approximately 190 billion Libyan dinars (around $30 billion). Agreements with ConocoPhillips, TotalEnergies, and Chevron aim to develop the country’s oil sector, as Libya holds Africa’s largest proven crude reserves. Significant obstacles remain: no elections since 2014, endemic corruption, elite resistance, and foreign interference from powers including Russia, Turkey, and the UAE.
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