Anthropic announced that its unreleased Claude Mythos Preview model found two previously unknown attacks on cryptographic algorithms. The first targets HAWK, a post-quantum signature scheme competing to become a U.S. federal standard, reducing the cost of recovering its smallest key from 2^64 to 2^38 operations, roughly 67 million times less work. The fix requires doubling key size, which eliminates one of HAWK’s main advantages. The second attack speeds up a 7-round version of AES-128 by 200 to 800 times compared to the 2013 record. Each result cost roughly $100,000 in API usage, and Anthropic researchers spent several hundred hours verifying the validity of these attacks.
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